| Rank | Country | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union | 49 | 41 | 35 | 125 |
| 2 | East Germany | 40 | 25 | 25 | 90 |
| 3 | United States | 34 | 35 | 25 | 94 |
| 4 | West Germany | 10 | 12 | 17 | 39 |
| 5 | Japan | 9 | 6 | 10 | 25 |
| 6 | Poland | 7 | 6 | 13 | 26 |
| 7 | Bulgaria | 6 | 9 | 7 | 22 |
| 8 | Cuba | 6 | 4 | 3 | 13 |
| 9 | Romania | 4 | 9 | 14 | 27 |
| 10 | Hungary | 4 | 5 | 13 | 22 |
| 11 | Finland | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| 12 | Sweden | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 13 | Great Britain | 3 | 5 | 5 | 13 |
| 14 | Italy | 2 | 7 | 4 | 13 |
| 15 | France | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| 16 | Yugoslavia | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| 17 | Czechoslovakia | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
| 18 | New Zealand | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 19 | South Korea | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
| 20 | Switzerland | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 21 | Jamaica | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 22 | North Korea | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 23 | Norway | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 24 | Denmark | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 25 | Mexico | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 26 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 27 | Canada | 0 | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 28 | Belgium | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 29 | Netherlands | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 30 | Portugal | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 31 | Spain | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 32 | Australia | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 33 | Iran | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 34 | Mongolia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 35 | Venezuela | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 36 | Brazil | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 37 | Austria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 38 | Bermuda | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 39 | Pakistan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 40 | Puerto Rico | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 41 | Thailand | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |